Asperger syndrome, the universe and everything by Kenneth Hall

Table of Contents Summary How it relates to the history of special education How it relates to education today Works Cited Asperger syndrome, the universe and everything is a very insightful book that relates and resonates well with our current educational environment. Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Asperger syndrome, the universe and everything by Kenneth Hall specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The book, written by Kenneth Hall is very essential for young people who are living with Asperger’s Syndrome. In fact, the writer has written the book with a lot of sincerity and innocence that could only be possible from a child’s point of view (Hall 19). This implies that it has been written from an insight that can entirely be understood by children. All in all, this book is very essential for young people who have been affected and others who live with them. In a broad perspective, there are others who work with people who have Asperger’s Syndrome which therefore requires a better understanding. The education sector is faced with a lot of challenges every now and then as a result of different changes. In this case, people have different needs as far as education is concerned which presents diverse and numerous challenges. Kenneth offers a good insight because he has been through the same experience that young people with Asperger’s Syndrome have to cope with. As a matter of fact, he describes all these aspects with honesty by giving us a better overview of the difficulties that people go through including school going children. Despite all this difficulties, the writer is very positive about his condition and future where he regards Asperger’s Syndrome as a gift (Hall 25). This can be explained effectively by looking at education today. It should be understood that there has been a growing need for special education because people and individuals with spe cial needs have increased as time goes by. As far as the education industry is concerned, special education has been gaining prominence recently to take care of different and diverse needs. Children with special needs require education just like normal kids which explains why the book relates well with the history of special education. In fact, it relates well with education because it tries to explain what teachers go through while dealing with children who have special needs.Advertising Looking for essay on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Summary As far as this book is concerned, readers get their own understanding of Asperger’s Syndrome from what the writer is able to explain. Because he had difficulties as a result of Asperger’s Syndrome he explains and elaborates the emotions, frustrations and joy that he experienced. In a school setting, we should be able to understand different people because of diversity (Bowe 37). This book is a must read for all stakeholders in the education sector based on what it offers. Parents and family members of children with Asperger’s Syndrome should support them wholeheartedly for long term sustainability. Although it might be challenging, there should be concreted efforts to assist children with disabilities. Kenneth’s story offers a good insight into the life of people who are living with Asperger’s Syndrome. This is based on the history of special education because it has taken time to be factored in the education sector. The role of education in our society can not be underestimated which explains its importance and the impact that it has on our lives. Asperger’s Syndrome is a disorder that is characterized by difficulties in social interaction. They are repetitive patterns of interest that are exhibited by different people which limits their ability to suit in a group. The writer was diagnosed with Asperger ’s Syndrome at the age of eight but this did not kill his pursuit and desire for education. Asperger’s Syndrome is something that we have been hearing about every now and then but different people do not know what it is all about. In fact, people do not know what it feels like to have this disorder. People who can explain this disorder are parents, guardians and teachers who know and understand what it revolves around. Ken is a young boy who has Asperger’s Syndrome but he has tried to make us understand and see the world through his eyes. This is based on the fact that the young boy who is just ten years old is exceptionally gifted (Hall 33). By reading the book, we are given a better overview on how it feels like to view the world in this special way. Despite the fact that the writers life changed completely as a result of the syndrome, this should not be a big challenge to other children because the society should help them to cope with the situation (Turnbul l 57). We should adapt what the writer says that children who have the syndrome are the best experts. It should be known to us that we can do something to assist people who have the syndrome based on the fact that they are also social beings. Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Asperger syndrome, the universe and everything by Kenneth Hall specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Life can be hard for children who have this disorder because of depression which affects their ability to suit in a group but through assistance, things can change positively. In this case, they should be made to understand that they have the syndrome to enable them go about their studies. As a matter of fact, people with Asperger’s Syndrome should be helped to understand the world better. More attention should be focused on school going children because education defines their future. How it relates to the history of special education Spec ial education has evolved from an untenable situation where many children with disabilities could not be allowed in school. Apart from being excluded from schools, some of them ended up dropping out before graduating. There are children with different disabilities and this is where the history of special education can be traced from. Access to appropriate education should not be a preserve of a few students but it should be considerable to all. Because their children were excluded from education, parents ended up forming advocacy groups. As time went by, students with disabilities were able to spend some time in classrooms with teachers who understood them better. This book relates well with the history of special education because it tries to explain why students with disabilities need to be given the attention that they deserve (Hall 74). Students with Asperger’s Syndrome have found it difficult to communicate with others around them and this necessitates a positive appro ach. These are some of the challenges that have been seen around in relation to special education and this book offers a good insight on how such students should be understood. Special education has been evolving as time goes by based on the fact that the society has come to appreciate children with disabilities like Asperger’s Syndrome. This is based on the common adage that disability should never be inability. Just like the writer is trying to make us understand the world of people with Asperger’s Syndrome, we have a role to play in ensuring that special education is successful for long term sustainability (Turnbull 66). Intellectual disabilities should not deter others from education because they can still realize their full potential. Special education has been redefined every now and then to suit diverse and distinct needs because of the changing environment. This implies that all stakeholders should come together to support the cause for special education beca use it is the only way and avenue through which students with disabilities like Asperger’s Syndrome can be taken care of.Advertising Looking for essay on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More How it relates to education today Education today has various challenges because of different complexities and the changing environment. This book relates well with education today because it has given us an insight of real life situations that we encounter every now and then as result of different disabilities (Bowe 59). People have different disabilities and these are the realities that we face in our society today. In this case, everybody should be given an opportunity to realize his full potential through good and effective education. The writer tells us that it is only children with Asperger’s Syndrome who can help us understand this disorder. Education should not be a preserve for a few people but it ought to be wholesome and this is a challenge that the society needs to match up to. As far as education today is concerned, we have children who are exceptionally gifted like the writer yet they are not given an opportunity to excel. In this case, we should rise up togeth er as a society to help people and students with disabilities like Asperger’s Syndrome because they also need a chance. Everybody has an effective role to play in enhancing education by supporting children with disabilities. Works Cited Bowe, Frank. Making Inclusion Work. Upper Saddle River, N.J: Prentice Hall, 2004. Print. Hall, Kenneth. Asperger syndrome, the universe and everything. London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers, 2000. Print. Turnbull, Ron. Exceptional Lives: Special Education in Today’s Schools. New Jersey: Prentice Hall, 2002. Print. This essay on Asperger syndrome, the universe and everything by Kenneth Hall was written and submitted by user Tombstone to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Domestication Of The Dog Essays - Dog, Scavengers, Domestication

Domestication Of The Dog Essays - Dog, Scavengers, Domestication Domestication Of The Dog Todays dogs serve as a number of different tools. We train dogs to see for the blind, we train them to sniff for drugs, we train them to save peoples lives, and we train them to be our faithful companions. There is no doubt that the dog has a wide variety of skills and jobs. We selectively breed the dog to gain the certain attributes we are seeking, and we know which dogs will perform the best at what we want them to do. The question is how long ago, and why did the dog become our aids, tools, and companions? Answering this question means dealing with the four fields of Anthropology: Ethnologically, Archaeologically, Physically, and Linguistically. The most obvious way to learn about the past of the dog species, is to treat it the same way we treat ancient societies. Archaeologists study where they once were, look at their remains. Where they lived, what they looked like, and how they changed over time. An example of using the Archaeological field of Anthropology would be the excavation of the Roman city, Pompeii, which was destroyed by the volcano Vesuvius in AD 79. When finally excavated, searchers found the remains of a dog lying across a child, apparently trying to protect him. By looking at this individual skeleton, we can estimate that just 1900 years ago, the inhabitants knew of the dogs desire to protect. They probably counted on dogs similarly to the way we do today. Other archaeological digs have suggested that the relationship between dogs and humans dates to about 14,000 years ago. Most experts do agree the dog was the first domesticated animal, was domesticated around 14 to 15,000 years ago. The earliest bones of d ogs that we have recovered come from a site called ein Mallaha in Israel. This site was discovered in 1979 and the bones date back to 12,000 years old but historians believe the dog had been domesticated even a few thousand years before that. Another field of Anthropology is the Ethnological aspect of the science. From looking back at the ancient civilizations customs and beliefs, we can see relationships between their stories and how they lived. This also ties into the linguistic field of Anthropology, where the culture is passed on to the children through stories and myths. An example of this would be the following: historians have studied the Roman myths and legends that were popular in ancient Rome, and they agree that the Ancient Romans relied heavily on watchdogs for protection. The Romans apparently derived this tradition from the legend that a dog guarded the gate to hell. Therefore, they used dogs to protect what was dear to them, homes, valuables, and families. Romans also used dogs for military purposes, some as attack dogs, and some as messengers. They equipped their Mastiffs with light armor and sent them into battle against the enemy, carrying spikes and cauldrons of flaming sulphur (Whitehead 242). These do gs were obviously essential to the ancient Romans lives. The last field of Anthropology that has not been discussed is the physical field. By looking at a culmination of the fossils we have, it not only adds to a holistic approach to the problem, but it also gives us a longitudinal study of a very old question. Instead of gathering the information over multiple visits, which would be impossible, we can get the same information we need by looking at the same object, at different points of history. To do this, we look at fossilized remains that we are able to date. By doing this, we can track the changes we notice. For example, it is quite obvious; that the first domesticated dogs were not as diverse as the dogs we have today. There were only a few kinds of dogs. Fossil remains of the early Bronze Age, 6500 years ago; make it possible to identify 5 major groups of early dogs. As the fossils get younger and younger, we notice a growing of the species. Dogs are obviously mixing and creating new breeds. The wide diversity in breeds that we witn ess today comes from selective breeding as well as natural genetic mutations in the five groups. Physical Anthropology

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Developing tourism product in souq waqif Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5250 words

Developing tourism product in souq waqif - Essay Example Such is the global scale of tourism that the WTO currently publishes annual tourism statistics for around 200 countries. Reflection of this dramatic growth in scale and scope, tourism’s global economic contribution has also become increasingly significant. c) Creation process: this process requires not only the existence or creation of infrastructures, facilities and services but also the development of specific activities or experiences. The result of the process can be seen as the tourism supply of a destination. d) The communication stage: once tourism supply is created, there will be functional and emotional benefits that can be communicated to markets and target audiences through the creation of an image and the correct positioning. The values provided by the product should also be communicated and promoted to stimulate consumption. After the four stages, there is the final stage which is the result stage. It is in this stage that the consumption of tourism products in a destination is done by the tourists or buyers of the product. It is important to note that tourist destinations contribute a lot of revenues to their respective owners. For this reason, it is imperative that all such destinations are guarded against barriers that would hinder the coming and subsequent staying of tourists. One such pace that needs urgent rethinking is the Souq Waqif which is an impressive tourist destination but is however faced with the problem of inadequate parking space. More and more tourists would like to visit this destination but the problem of parking space is a major hindrance to their coming. This paper therefore provides a comprehensive discussion on the techniques and procedures that can be adopted in this destination for it to be marketed as an impressive tourism product. Tourists always overcrowd Souq Waqif whci makes them feel uncomfortable and therefore they cannot

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Issues Of Concreting In Hot Weather Construction Essay

Issues Of Concreting In Hot Weather Construction Essay It is important to take hot weather into consideration while building concrete projects because of its effects on the fresh and recently placed concrete. As of hot weather, the demand for water alone rises. This leads to rises water-cement ratio, and hence further leading to low potential strength. Also to be noted that higher temperatures gives rise to higher slump loss. Concrete cured at higher temperatures when compared with the concrete cured at ambient temperature, would not be as strong at the end of 28 days. It should be kept in mind that high temperatures, high velocity and low humidity can affect the quality of fresh concrete. The high rate of evaporation introduces early plastic shrinkage or drying shrinkage. Also the evaporation can remove the surface water which is necessary for hydration of the concrete unless proper curing methods are used. Rapid drops in the temperature introduce thermal cracks in the concrete structure. These occur when there are hot days followed by cool nights. High temperatures are largely responsible for cracking in massive concrete structures. Statement of purpose The main purpose for this report is to throw light on the problems arising during concreting in hot weather. And also to enumerate various methods via which the problems can be avoided to yield good throughput and quality for the concrete developed. Concreting in hot weather can produce adverse effects on the quality of concrete and structure of building for which it is to be used. So it is important to take into consideration hot weather when planning concrete projects. As the temperature of the freshly mixed concrete reaches 25 °C which is approximately 77  °F, it has adverse effects on the quality of concrete. Also to be kept in mind, that temperature above 32 °C i.e. 90 °F with lack of protected environment for concrete finishing and placement could lead to difficulty in producing quality concrete required. Among other problems, hot weather conditions can lead to rapid rate of evaporation. Problems and effects of concreting in hot weather From ACI Materials Journal : Impact of Extremely Hot Weather and Mixing Method on Changes in Properties of Ready Mixed Concrete during Delivery by Abdulaziz I. Al-Negheimish and Abdulrahman M. Alhozaimy Figure Nomograph The successful hot weather concretion can be done by assessing the factors which affect the quality and stability of concrete and then planning to minimize their affects. Hydration of concrete can be seen as an exothermic reaction, which means it generates heat and also the reaction rate is faster when the concrete is hot. The main concern we identify here is not the air temperature but the concrete temperature. When concrete settles, it sucks up water, which causes crystallization of particles around the aggregate particles. When the concrete is hot, the reaction rate is faster and hence crystals are formed rapidly, but they dont have time to grow strong. Initial strength might be high but the strength seen after 28 days suffers highly. It is seen that if the concretes temperature is higher by about 18 °C the compressive strength decreases by 10%.The other problem which arises while concreting during hot weathers is surface drying. There occurs more and more drying and surface lin kage if we have hot concrete, sun shining very hot and hot dry winds blowing. Also we should take into consideration the plastic shrinkage cracking caused in the hot weather. If outside temperature is very high i.e. the concrete is colder than the atmospheric temperature, the chances are that the water will be condensing on the surface rather than the surface drying out. There arises a major problem when the air is cooler than concrete. Contractors mainly aim to go for cooler concrete in hot weather. In this case too, hot weather can cause plastic shrinkage cracking, this case occurs then the concrete temperature is high and the humidity is low. In order to know,whether evaporation could pose a problem or not we use nomograph. By knowing air temperature, concrete temperature, wind velocity and relative humidity, we arrive at the rate of evaporation. Accordingly, if the rate is greater than 0.1 pounds per square foot per hour, shrinkage cracking is possible. Hot dry sub grades and frameworks may also lead to cracks by absorbing water from the mix. Heat and concrete are also challenged by thermal differentials. This means that one part of the concrete is warmer while the other part is colder. It is observed that if the differential is greater than somewhere around 20 °F, then cracks are likely to be formed. Effects on the characteristics of the concrete formed Setting time The setting time of the concrete decreases with the increase in the concrete temperature. This in turn gives us very less time to place compact and finish the concrete. Workability and slump Higher temperatures of the concrete reduce the workability of the concrete more rapidly with time. Addition of water to improve workability of the mixture decreases the strength and increases the permeability of the concrete. Compressive Strength High concrete temperature and high water requirement can lead to lower 28 day strength. In case more water is added so as to maintain workability, it leads us to higher water-cement ratio which results in loss of strength and durability. This increases the drying shrinkage of the hardened concrete. In the opposite case, if the water is not added the reduced setting time and lower workability increase the potential inappropriate compaction, this results in formation of cold joints and poor finishing. Concrete temperature From Concrete Journal (2001) Properties of Hot Weather Concrete and Countermeasures at Practice. During hot weather conditions, temperature rise in the concrete may happen due to heat of hydration. The development of thermal gradients may lead to thermal cracking in the concrete slab. Although at higher concrete temperature, the early strength is higher, its long term affects a low strength of the concrete, where as the concrete cured at lower temperature has higher strength. Its can be seen in the laboratory tests that the increased exposure to higher temperature directly affects the strength of the concrete after it has hardened. Poor surface appearance Increased rate of evaporation leads to drying and stiffening of the surface. Among the cases of flatwork, this can lead to premature finishing of the surface, trapping some amount of water within the mix. The compacter layer (from finishing) causes rise in the water to be trapped below the surface and hence deboning of the surface. There may occur colour differences on the surface due to different rates of hydration and cooling. Plastic Shrinkage Cracking From American Concrete Institute: Journal titled Plastic Shrinkage Cracking and Evaporation Formulae by Paul J. Uno. As discussed widely above, hot weather accelerates evaporation and loss in moisture from the surface. Plastic Shrinkage cracking occurs when the shrinkage stress exceeds tensile strength of the concrete. Plastic Shrinkage cracks formed may be quite deep because concrete has little capacity to resist shrinkage stress. Also the cracks continue to widen and form more and more cracks until the stress is relieved. It is also to be noted that a few times the Plastic Shrinkage Cracks reach to the free edges where unrestrained stress can occur. Thermal cracking From American Concrete Institute: Journal titled  Retempering of Prolonged-Mixed Concrete with Admixtures in Hot Weather by Dan Ravina. Concrete is exposed to thermal cracking when the concrete is initially placed and the interior of the concrete is exposed to heat rising from the settlement of the concrete and the heat of hydration. Rapid changes in the temperature on the surface of the concrete such as hot days followed by cool night leads to formation of temperature gradient. The warmer interior restrains the colder exterior, which wants to contract. If the differential of the temperature is large then thermal cracking may occur. The insulating effect is more in massive thick concrete, and hence they are more at risk towards the thermal cracking effect. Precautions or Rules to be followed for hot weather concretion From Science Direct : Journal titled Water evaporation from freshly placed concrete surfaces in hot weather by G.S. Hasanain, T.A. Khallaf and K. Mahmood. and From Concrete Journal (2001) Properties of Hot Weather Concrete and Countermeasures at Practice. Precautions should be taken to reduce the effects from high temperature against concreting. Use of water reducing, set retarding mixtures can help cutting the effects of high temperature concreting. In the cases where extreme heat conditions are unavoidable, chilled water or ice can be used as part of mixing water. Other methods such as sprinkling and shading the aggregate before mixing can also help lower the temperature of the concrete. Condition where theres low humidity and high winds, windbreaks and sunscreens or mist fogging can be used to avoid plastic shrinkage cracks in the slabs. Many of the following suggestions can be used depending on the atmospheric conditions and requirement type of the concrete to be formed: Concrete mixture designs can include set retarders, water reducers in order to gain lowest cement factor. Modification in the mixtures as appropriate i.e. changes in the composition percentages of retarders, moderate heat hydration cements, and Pozzolanic mixtures can be done to shield against hot weather concretion. Enough manpower can be employed so that as soon as the concrete is delivered, it is quickly placed, finished and cured. Mixing water and cool aggregates can be added to concrete mixture to reduce its initial temperature. Using a concrete consistency can allow rapid placement and consolidation. Sometimes in extreme conditions, we can adjust the time of concrete placement to take advantage of the time of the day when it is cooler i.e. early morning or night placement. Fogging the area above the concrete placement so as to raise the level of relative humidity can help satisfy the demand for moisture from the air. Rate of evaporation can be monitored using a nemograph which charts temperature, relative humidity and wind velocity. Covering of the placed slabs should be done with the damp sand beds rather than polythene sheets if barrier is required. When forms are removed, curing should be done to the newly exposed surfaces of the concrete. It should be noted that aliphatic alcohols are not a substitute for curing compounds and it is advised to not to used them. Aliphatic alcohols are used for initial screeding and finishing operations. Although aliphatic alcohols are compatible with most of the curing compounds, it is a good practise to check their compatibility in case the two products are purchased from different manufacturers. Another cut down can be done at the addition of water while at job site. Addition of water should only be done at the arrival only to adjust the slump. Later additions should be avoided. In no circumstances should the addition of water exceed 2 or 2.5 gallons per cubic yard. Water should never be added to concrete which is older than 1.5 hours. Finishing should be done as soon as the sheen has left the surface, this should be followed by immediate curing. Curing should be continued for 3 days and covering should be done to prevent evaporation or a liquid curing compound should be used. A very useful idea is to add white pigment to the covering liquid curing compound so that it reflects the heat away from the concrete surface. Moistening of sub grades, forms and reinforcement before it is placed. However it should be noted that standing water in such cases should be avoided. Field test cylinder should be protected by shading and preventing evaporation. Field curing boxes with ice may be used to maintain temperature of 60 °F -80 °F for the cylinders. Minimizing the effects of hot weather conditions Controlling the concrete temperature From Concrete Journal (2001) Properties of Hot Weather Concrete and Countermeasures at Practice. AS 1379 states requirement that temperature of the concrete at the time of delivery should be from 5 to 35 °C. In cases of higher ambient temperature, the supplier needs to take precautions to ensure that the concrete temperature is delivered is within the allowable range. There are a number of methods available to control the temperature of the concrete. This includes adjusting the temperature of the ingredients of the concrete mixture. It should be taken into consideration that since the aggregates constitute the bulk of the concrete and have the highest heat capacity, the effect the temperature of the freshly mixed concrete greatly. But the temperature of the aggregates is the most difficult task to control. The temperature of the cement doesnt affect much in this case as it has low specific heat and relatively small amount in the mixture. Liquid nitrogen can be injected into the concrete while mixing to lower the temperature. The latent thermal energy of the gas cools the mixtu re drastically. Although this process is economical only on major projects involving vast amounts of concrete for construction. Admixtures From Science Direct : Journal titled Water evaporation from freshly placed concrete surfaces in hot weather by G.S. Hasanain, T.A. Khallaf and K. Mahmood. Various types of admixtures can help lower the temperature and also reduce the evaporation from the surface. Water reducers can be used to decrease the amount of water required to bring concrete to a workable condition. Set retarders delay the amount of time required for setting of the concrete and hence increase the strength of the material. Although set retarders should be used with caution as rapid dry of surface is occurring at the same time. This can lead to finishing of the surface while below it is still spongy due to the set retarders. Thos can lead to non-uniformity on the surface. Cement type From Concrete Journal (2001) Properties of Hot Weather Concrete and Countermeasures at Practice. There can also occur additional benefits while choosing the type of cement. For example using slower hydration cements such as type LH with lower heat development rate can give extra time for placing and finishing. This also reduces concrete temperature and risk of thermal cracking upon cooling of the concrete. Cement content From Concrete Journal (2001) Properties of Hot Weather Concrete and Countermeasures at Practice. The temperature increase due to hydration of cement in a given concrete is directly proportional to its cement content. Therefore we should choose cement content depending upon our requirement of strength and durability. Conclusion Since hot weather concreting involves various challenges to be faced by the project supervisor as well as the workers. Proper pre-planning and organisation of the project can lead to good formation of concrete with good durability and strength. Successful placing and finishing producing high quality concrete can be done at 35 °C. A must use of nemograph should be done to monitor the rate of evaporation so that appropriate resources and measure could be taken depending on the rate of evaporation. No doubt Hot weather poses great difficulties for concreting but development of new technologies, techniques and compounds can further reduce the adverse effects.

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Aristotel considera cÄÆ' majoritatea oamenilor meritÄÆ' sÄÆ' fie sclavi datoritÄÆ' faptului cÄÆ' se complac à ®ntr-un stil de viaÈ›ÄÆ' asemenea animalelor. Oamenii concep binele ÅŸi fericirea à ®n funcÈ›ie de modul de viaÃ… £Ã„Æ' pe care à ®l au. Majoritatea à ®Ãˆâ„¢i gÄÆ'seÈ™te fericirea à ®n plÄÆ'cere, de aceea mulÈ›i au o viaÃ… £Ã„Æ' plinÄÆ' de desfÄÆ'tÄÆ'ri. Sclavul face parte din ultima treaptÄÆ' a societÄÆ'È›ii, fiind un termen de comparaÈ›ie sub care nu se poate cÄÆ'dea. El este o fiinÈ›ÄÆ' inferioarÄÆ' tuturor oamenilor. Sclavul este sluga stÄÆ'pà ¢nului, unealta prin care stÄÆ'pà ¢nul à ®Ãˆâ„¢i sporeÈ™te avuÈ›ia, cum ar fi un sclav care munceÈ™te à ®n plantaÈ›ia stÄÆ'pà ¢nului. Sclavul este un obiect de schimb, de và ¢nzare, de supunere. Cel care este sclav este umil, subapreciat È™i nu este lÄÆ'udat vreodatÄÆ' pentru munca sa. Sclavul à ®i aparÈ›ine cu totul stÄÆ'pà ¢nului. El nu se poate à ®nÄÆ'lÈ›a din statul social pe care à ®l are, astfel un sclav nu va deveni niciodatÄÆ' stÄÆ'pà ¢n. De asemenea, un sclav nu poate comanda stÄÆ'pà ¢nului aÈ™a cum un membru nu poate comanda creierului. StÄÆ'pà ¢nul este singurul care poate comanda sclavului cà ¢t È™i familiei. Spre sfà ¢rÈ™itul vieÈ›ii dupÄÆ' moartea lui Alexandru, trebuie sa se refugieze deoarece partidul patriotic nu-i putea ierta legÄÆ'tura cu familia domnitoare. La perÅŸi tatÄÆ'l era asemenea unui tiranei, cÄÆ'ci à ®Ã…Ÿi trata copiii asemenea unor sclavi. De asemenea, stÄÆ'pà ¢nul se comporta tiranic cu sclavii, deoarece el à ®Ãˆâ„¢i urmÄÆ'reÈ™te propriul scop. Sclavul trebuie sÄÆ' ducÄÆ' la à ®ndeplinire tot ceea ce à ®i cere stÄÆ'pà ¢nul, chiar È™i atunci cà ¢nd acesta este un om nedrept sau care doreÈ™te ca sclavul sÄÆ' comitÄÆ' o nedreptate, cum ar fi uciderea cuiva. Invidia nu este altceva decà ¢t un fel de à ®ntristare pentru fericirea ce ni se pare ca au egalii noÈ™tri posedà ¢nd sau capatand bunurile, despre care am vorbit, si aceasta nu a... ...poate fi fericit. Suprema fericire o au zeii. Ei au ajuns pe treapta cea mai à ®naltÄÆ' a fericirii. Omul tinde spre acest lucru, iar modul prin care o poate face este prin intermediul contemplaÈ›iei. Aceasta se realizeazÄÆ' doar de cei care sunt prosperi, sÄÆ'nÄÆ'toÈ™i, care au toate cele necesare trupului, fÄÆ'rÄÆ' de care nu s-ar putea trÄÆ'i. Cei care nu au bunuri exterioare, care nu sunt sÄÆ'nÄÆ'toÈ™i È™i nu au suficientÄÆ' hranÄÆ' necesarÄÆ' supravieÈ›uirii nu pot fi fericiÈ›i. O astfel de categorie este reprezentatÄÆ' de sclavi. Fericirea este o activitate, una demnÄÆ' de dorit à ®n sine. Fericirea se mai gÄÆ'seÈ™te È™i à ®n momentele de liniÈ™te, de rÄÆ'gaz, momente pe care le pregÄÆ'tim prin activitatea pe care alegem sÄÆ' o facem. Sclavul nu poate alege cà ¢nd sÄÆ' lucreze, cà ¢nd sÄÆ' se relaxeze, cà ¢nd sÄÆ' fie fericit. Pentru a te bucura de fericire trebuie sÄÆ' fii à ®n primul rà ¢nd om, apoi un om cu adevÄÆ'rat virtuos.